Infertility affects approximately 17.5% of the global reproductive-age population, with
multifactorial etiologies spanning physiological, pathological, and lifestyle determinants. Ayurveda
classifies these causes into Aharaja, Viharaja, Manasika, and Agantuja Nidanas, with Viharaja
factors—particularly Vyayama (physical activity)—playing a significant role. Classical Ayurvedic
texts emphasize that both Ativyayama (excessive exertion) and Avyayama (inactivity) can disrupt
Agni and Dhatu balance, leading to Shukra and Artava Dushti, thereby impairing fertility. Modern
research corroborates these insights, linking moderate exercise with hormonal balance and
reproductive health, while associating extremes of activity with menstrual irregularities,
anovulation, reduced sperm quality, and hormonal disturbances. This article bridges classical
Ayurvedic concepts with contemporary evidence, emphasizing Yukta Vyayama (appropriate
exercise) as a preventive and therapeutic strategy for infertility.