Shotha (edema/inflammation) is one of the most clinically significant conditions described in classical Ayurvedic literature. Among its various subtypes, Dushivishjanya Shotha — swelling arising from Dushi Visha (accumulated or latent toxins) — occupies a particularly important position in both ancient toxicology (Agada Tantra) and internal medicine (Kayachikitsa). This article provides a systematic review of the concept of Dushivishjanya Shotha as described in  Samhitas, exploring its aetiology, pathogenesis (Samprapti), clinical features, complications, and Ayurvedic management approaches including Panchakarma and herbomineral formulations. The condition offers a compelling framework for understanding modern toxin-mediated inflammatory disorders.